first commit: echo server

include/Log.hpp

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+/* ************************************************************************** */
+/*                                                                            */
+/*                                                        :::      ::::::::   */
+/*   Log.hpp                                            :+:      :+:    :+:   */
+/*                                                    +:+ +:+         +:+     */
+/*   By: acossari <acossari@student.codam.nl>       +#+  +:+       +#+        */
+/*                                                +#+#+#+#+#+   +#+           */
+/*   Created: 2026/08/19 20:30:58 by acossari          #+#    #+#             */
+/*   Updated: 2026/08/20 22:18:40 by acossari         ###   ########.fr       */
+/*                                                                            */
+/* ************************************************************************** */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <format>
+#include <string_view>
+
+// Free functions in a namespace, not a class: the whole process shares one
+// verbosity level and one destination, so a second instance would have nothing
+// of its own to hold.
+namespace webserv::log {
+
+// The "class" keyword here is overloaded: not a class but a scoped enum.
+// Names must be written Level::Info, plus no implicit conversion to int.
+enum class Level { Debug, Info, Warn, Error };
+
+// Thin Template Idiom: vlog keeps one ordinary body instead of repeating it
+// for every argument type combination. The small wrappers retain compile time
+// checks, erase those types and converge here at the shared sink. Its v follows
+// the C variadic convention. The sink filters by level before formatting.
+void vlog(Level messageLevel, std::string_view formatString,
+          std::format_args args);
+
+// format_string uses Args to check at compile time that every placeholder
+// receives a value of the expected type. Args&& is a "forwarding reference",
+// so the same wrapper accepts lvalues and rvalues, as in info("{}", value)
+// and info("{}", 42), without copying them.
+template <typename... Args>
+void debug(std::format_string<Args...> formatString, Args&&... args) {
+  // make_format_args packs the arguments together with their type information.
+  // vlog then sees only std::format_args and does not need a separate template
+  // version for every combination of argument types.
+  vlog(Level::Debug, formatString.get(), std::make_format_args(args...));
+}
+
+template <typename... Args>
+void info(std::format_string<Args...> formatString, Args&&... args) {
+  vlog(Level::Info, formatString.get(), std::make_format_args(args...));
+}
+
+template <typename... Args>
+void warn(std::format_string<Args...> formatString, Args&&... args) {
+  vlog(Level::Warn, formatString.get(), std::make_format_args(args...));
+}
+
+template <typename... Args>
+void error(std::format_string<Args...> formatString, Args&&... args) {
+  vlog(Level::Error, formatString.get(), std::make_format_args(args...));
+}
+
+}  // namespace webserv::log